Solutions to Diesel Generator Set Pollution

In today's society, the stability of power supply is crucial for all industries. Diesel generator sets, as a reliable emergency power source, play an irreplaceable role in critical moments. However, the pollution generated by diesel generator sets during operation has increasingly attracted people's attention. In order to ensure power supply while reducing harm to the environment and human health, we must find practical solutions to the pollution problem of diesel generator sets.

The performance and pollution emissions of diesel generator sets are closely related to the quality of the diesel used. High-quality diesel can ensure the normal operation of the engine, improve combustion efficiency, and thus reduce the generation of pollutants. If poor-quality diesel is used, it will not only affect the performance of the generator set, preventing it from functioning at its original efficiency, but also lead to incomplete combustion, producing a large amount of harmful gases and particulate matter, causing serious harm to the environment and human health. Therefore, choosing high-quality diesel is the foundation for reducing the pollution of diesel generator sets.

In addition to ensuring diesel quality, some special technical means can also be adopted to reduce pollution emissions. One of these methods is the diesel and water emulsion method. This method is applicable to fuel oil, not to light oils like gasoline. The principle is to mix a certain proportion of water into the diesel and create an emulsion through various methods. During the combustion process of the diesel generator set, when the temperature reaches above 1,000°C, the water in the diesel will absorb heat and vaporize, producing a micro-explosion effect that further atomizes the diesel into smaller particles. This not only improves the combustion rate of diesel but also reduces the combustion temperature, thereby reducing pollutant emissions. Using this emulsified diesel can not only improve the fuel efficiency of the generator set but also significantly reduce pollution.

The pollution generated by diesel generator sets mainly includes noise pollution and exhaust emission pollution. These types of pollution not only cause damage to the environment but also pose certain risks to human health.

Noise pollution mainly consists of aerodynamic noise and surface radiation noise. In actual use, noise in the machine room can be effectively controlled through reasonable plans. Noise control plans need to be formulated based on the specific conditions of the machine room, while also considering the environmental standards of the area where the machine room is located. To reduce the sound radiation from the source to the outside, the generator set can be isolated from the outside world through a closed enclosure. In addition, all passages connecting the machine room to the outside, such as the cooling fan outlet, generator exhaust outlet, and machine room ventilation inlet, must be treated with sound attenuation to ensure that the noise meets environmental standards.

Exhaust emission pollution mainly comes from the flue gas generated by the internal combustion of diesel generator sets. These pollutants include harmful particulate matter such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide. These tiny particles can enter the human body through the respiratory tract or be emitted into the air, causing serious harm to the environment and human health. To control exhaust pollution, exhaust filtration devices can be installed to absorb and decompose harmful substances, improve the color of the exhaust smoke, and reduce emission pollution. Professional smoke and dust treatment purifiers can effectively remove soot and harmful particulate matter from the exhaust, reducing the Ringelmann blackness of the treated exhaust smoke to below 0.2, eliminating any irritating odors, and achieving significant results.

Noise pollution is one of the inevitable problems during the operation of diesel generator sets. To reduce the impact of noise on the environment and human health, the following treatment methods can be adopted:

Noise reduction treatment for the diesel generator machine room is an effective solution. Specific measures include:

Soundproofing of intake and exhaust channels: Install soundproof walls in the intake and exhaust channels of the machine room, and install sound-absorbing panels inside the channels. By creating a buffer distance within the channels, the intensity of sound radiation from the machine room to the outside can be effectively reduced.

Laying of sound-absorbing materials: Lay sound-absorbing materials with high sound absorption coefficients on the ceiling and surrounding walls inside the machine room. These materials can eliminate indoor reverberation, reduce the sound energy density and reflection intensity within the machine room, and thus reduce the propagation of noise.

Installation of fireproof and soundproof iron doors: To prevent noise from radiating out through the main door, install fireproof and soundproof iron doors at the machine room entrance to further reduce noise propagation.

Installation of custom-made mufflers: In the exhaust system, install custom-made secondary mufflers on top of the existing primary mufflers to effectively control the exhaust noise of the unit. If the exhaust pipe length exceeds 10 meters, the pipe diameter should also be increased to reduce the exhaust back pressure of the generator set. Through these measures, the noise and back pressure problems of the generator set can be significantly improved, and the noise level inside the machine room can meet the user's requirements when measured outside.

When purchasing diesel generator sets, choosing automated diesel generator sets is also an effective method for noise reduction. Automated diesel generator sets usually have better noise control performance and can automatically adjust their operating status during operation to reduce noise generation.

To further reduce the exhaust pollution of diesel generator sets, industry professionals have developed some effective improvement methods. These methods not only reduce pollutant emissions but also improve the operating efficiency of the generator sets.

The intake system is an important part of the diesel generator set. By improving the intake system, air pollution after combustion can be effectively reduced. Specific methods include:

Use of variable swirl intake mechanism: The intensity of intake swirl has a significant impact on the emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx). By using a variable swirl intake mechanism, the swirl intensity can be controlled according to the engine's speed and load changes, reducing the formation of NOx without sacrificing economy.

Use of multi-valve technology: Multi-valve technology (usually four valves per cylinder: two intake valves and two exhaust valves) can increase the total flow cross-sectional area of the intake and exhaust valves, improving the charge coefficient. The fuel injector can be vertically arranged on the cylinder axis, which is conducive to the uniform distribution of fuel in the combustion chamber space, thereby improving the formation and combustion conditions of the mixture and making the heat release pattern more rational. This not only reduces the NOx content in exhaust emissions but also decreases carbon monoxide (CO) emissions, and significantly reduces soot emissions under high load.

Intake manifold water injection technology is an effective method for controlling exhaust pollution. Its main functions are heat absorption and fuel density dilution. When a small amount of water enters the combustion chamber and is well atomized, the "micro-explosion" effect of water vapor can break fuel droplets into smaller droplets, thereby promoting the formation and combustion of the mixture. During combustion, the heat absorption effect of water can lower the combustion temperature. If water is mixed with fuel and sprayed in, it can further reduce fuel density, thereby reducing NOx emissions. It should be noted that in winter, the water tank needs to be protected against freezing, and the water injection volume should be automatically adjusted according to the load size.

Emulsified diesel technology is another effective method for controlling exhaust pollution. By mixing a certain proportion of water into diesel to form emulsified diesel, the "micro-explosion" effect during combustion can improve fuel atomization and promote strong turbulence in the combustion chamber air, making the distribution of fuel and air more uniform and reducing soot formation. In addition, the water-gas shift reaction of water vapor can also reduce soot emissions. Emulsified diesel can also lower combustion temperature, thereby reducing the formation of NOx.

As an important emergency power source, diesel generator sets play an indispensable role in modern society. However, the pollution generated during their operation cannot be ignored. By choosing high-quality diesel, using the diesel and water emulsion method, improving the intake system, applying intake manifold water injection technology, and emulsified diesel technology, the pollution emissions of diesel generator sets can be effectively reduced. At the same time, noise reduction treatment for the machine room and the purchase of automated diesel generator sets can effectively reduce noise pollution. These measures not only help protect the environment but also safeguard the health of operators, enabling diesel generator sets to better meet the modern society's environmental protection requirements while fulfilling their important functions.